Japan's Collectivism Score 180th out of 188 countries

I'm using the data here, are there any empirical research papers that look good? I've heard that the discourse is not even supported in the first place, and I'd like to update my knowledge.

https://gyazo.com/296bf1c551963dac9a8ffb11b34c5a48

Dr. Takano has long insisted:

The illusion of "collectivism": The misconception of Japanese theory and its origin

And a recent paper has the same result:

This report introduces the Global Collectivism Index (GCI) – a measure covering 99.9% of the earth's population. The GCI includes six sub-scores (e.g.…

Readers will surely notice that Japan received a very low GCI score, ranking 180th out of 188 nations. We address this issue in great detail later. For now, we begin with the obvious. Modern Japan has very small families, very high rates of car ownership, and low levels of ingroup favoritism (Hamamura, 2012). Japan is also one of the least religious nations on earth. Such facts make Japan an individualistic nation (Matsumoto et al., 1996). This does not mean, for example, that people from Japan care little about interpersonal harmony. Instead, concerns for interpersonal harmony may not be as tightly linked to collectivism as many have assumed (cf. Vignoles et al., 2016, and see also Minkov et al., 2017).

Japan ranks 180th out of 188 countries with a very low GCI score

I guess we should no longer teach collectivism.

Uncertainty Avoidance is still high.

It is surprising that Motivation toward Achievement and Success is so high, but in a way it is a pleasant result.

Every day I find it very difficult to correct something that somehow "rings a bell". I am rather complicit in the reproduction. I have reflected on this.

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